AIR CONDITIONERS

AIR CONDITIONERS

Air conditioners use the vapor compression cycle, a 4-step process (see Figure 7-8).

1.       The compressor (in the outside unit) pressurizes a gaseous refrigerant. The refrigerant heats up during this process.

2.       Fans in the outdoor unit blow air across the heated, pressurized gas in the condensing coil; the refrigerant gas cools and condenses into a liquid.

3.       The pressurized liquid is piped inside to the air-handling unit. It enters a throttling or expansion valve, where it expands and cools.

4.       The cold liquid circulates through evaporator coils. Inside air is blown across the coils and cooled while the refrigerant warms and evaporates. The cooled air is blown through the ductwork. The refrigerant, now a gas, returns to the outdoor unit where the process repeats.

If units are not providing sufficient dehumidification, the typical homeowner’s response is to lower the thermostat setting. Since every degree the thermostat is lowered increases cooling bills 3% to 7%, systems that have nominally high efficiencies, but inadequate dehumidification, may suffer from higher than expected cooling bills. In fact, poorly functioning "high" efficiency systems may actually cost more to operate than a well-designed, moderate efficiency unit. Make certain that the contractor has used Manual J techniques to size the system so that the air conditioning system meets both sensible and latent (humidity) loads at the manufacturer’s claimed efficiency.

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